a o e i u ?¡ì?    b p m f

a     
The mouth is wide open. The tongue is flat and at its lowest position. The lips are not rounded.   


o     
The mouth is half open. The tongue is flat and at its lowest position. The lips are not rounded.     

e    
The opening of the mouth and the position of the tongue are identical with that for ???o???, but the lips are not rounded. It can be produced by pronouncing ???O??? and then spreading the lips towards the two sides.   

i      
The opening of the mouth is narrow. The tongue raised and pushed forward towards the position naturally against the lower teeth. the lips spread to the two sides into a flat position.  

u    
The opening of the mouth is narrow. The tongue is held back with its back raised close to the soft palate. The lips are forced into a harrow and round position with only a small opening left.

?¡ì?    
It is pronounced with the tongue in position for i, but the lips are forced into a round position.

b??
An unaspirated voiceless plosive sound. It is pronounced by keeping the lips tightly closed to block the air ,but then opening them to let the air out. The vocal cords do not vibrate.

p????
An unaspirated voiceless plosive sound. It is pronounced in position for ???b???, but explodes with a strong puff of air . The vocal cords do not vibrate . It is a corresponding sound to ???b ??? but an aspirated one.

m   
An unaspirated bilabial nasal. It is pronounced by keeping the lips tightly closed and the soft palate dropped to force the air out through the nose. The vocal cords vibrate.

f    
An aspirated voiceless alveolar plosive . It is pronoumced by raising the tongne tip against the upper teethridge to block the air and then putting it down to release the air . The vocal cords do not vibrate.

[ Last edited by  mazy at 2007-3-15 11:28 ]

d     
An unaspirated voiceless alveolar plosive. It is pronounced by raising the tongne tip against the upper teethridge to block the air and then putting it down to release the air. The vocal cords do not vibrate .

t     
An aspirated voiceless alveolar plosive. It is pronounced in position for ???d???, but explodes with a strong puff of air. It is an aspirated equivalent of ???d???.


n     
An voiced alveolar nasal. It is produced by raising the tongue tip against the upper teethridge and dropping the soft palate to allow the air to run out through the nose. The vocal cords vibrate.
A voiced alveolar lateral. It is pronounced with the tongue tip a little behind the position for ???n??? to allow the air to run out from both sides of the blade. The vocal coords vibrate.

l    
A voiced alveolar lateral. It is pronounced with the tongue tip a little behind the position for ???n??? to allow the air to run out from bothsides of the blade. The vocal cords vibrate.

g    
An unaspirated voiceless velar plosive. It is pronounced by raising the back of the tongue against the soft palate to block the air, and then putting it down to release the air. The vocal cords do not vibrate .

k     
An aspirated voiceless velar plosive. It is pronounced with the mouth in position for ???g??? , but explodes with a strong puff of air. The vocal cords do not vibrate.It is an aspirated equivalent of ???g???.

h     
A voiceless velar fricative. It is pronounced by raising the back of the tongue to the soft palate to make a narrow passage for the air to be expelled with friction. The vocalcords do not vibrate.

j      
This is an unaspirated voiceless palatal affricate. This sound is pronounced by first putting the tip of the tongue against the lower teeth and blocking the air with its front part against the hard palate, and the dropping to release the air. The vocal cords do not vibrate.


q     
An aspirted voiceless palatal affricate. It is an aspirated equivalent of ???j???.


x     
A voiceless palatal fricative. It is pronounced by raising the tongue close to the hard palate to expell the air with friction through the narrow passage.

[ Last edited by  mazy at 2007-3-27 16:43 ]

z     
An unaspirated voiceless bladealvolar-affricate. It is pronounced by putting forward the tongue to block the air with its tip against the upper teeth ridge, and then dropping the tip to release the air with friction through the narrow passage. The vocal cords do not vibrate.
It is a blade vowel without the lips rounded. It ony follows the consonants ???z???, ???c??? or ???s???.

c     
An aspiratded blade-alveolar affricate. It is an aspirated equivalent of [z].
It is a blade vowel without the lips rounded. It ony follows the consonants ???z???, ???c??? or ???s???.

s     
A voiceless blade-alveolar fricative. It is produced by putting forward the tongue tip to a position close to the upper teeth ridge to make a narrow passage for the air to run out through with friction.
It is a blade vowel without the lips rounded. It ony follows the consonants ???z???, ???c??? or ???s???.

zh   
An unaspirated voiceless blade-palatal affricate. It is pronounced by turning up the tongue tip against the front part of the hard palate to block the air and then releasing it through the narrowing of the air passage between the tongue tip and the hard palate. The vocal cords do not vibrate.
A blade-palatal vowel without the lips rounded. It only follows these consonants like zh, ch, sh and r. It can be produced by first pronouncing r without moving the tongue and then keeping the sound there. The part without audible friction is [ i].

ch   
An aspirated voiceless blade-palatal affricate. It is pronounced in position of ???zh???, but the air should be forced out through the narrow passage. The vocal cords do not vibrate. It is an aspirated equivalent of ???zh???.
A blade-palatal vowel without the lips rounded. It only follows these consonants like zh, ch, sh and r. It can be produced by first pronouncing r without moving the tongue and then keeping the sound there. The part without audible friction is [ i].

sh   
A voiceless blade-palatal fricative. It is pronounced by turning up the
tongue tip close to the hard palate to make a narrow passage through which
the air escapes with friction. The vocal cords do not vibrate.
A blade-palatal vowel without the lips rounded. It only follows these consonants like zh, ch, sh and r. It can be produced by first pronouncing r without moving the tongue and then keeping the sound there. The part without audible friction is [ i].

r     
A voiced blade-palatal fricative. It is pronunced in position for ???sh??? ,but the friction is soft. The vocal cords vibrate.
A blade-palatal vowel without the lips rounded. It only follows these consonants like zh, ch, sh and r. It can be produced by first pronouncing r without moving the tongue and then keeping the sound there. The part without audible friction is [ i].

y     
y is special sign in Chinese Pin-Yin, it can??t form syllable alone. It sometimes expresses I and ?¡ì?. In general, it always appears in some Pin-Yin joinder form of standing as a syllable alone.

Exalple: The vowel?¡ì? and I are all only one Pin-Yin characted. When standing as a syllable as a syllable alone, they should be added y before them. Their forms are [yi],[yu] (erase two dot upon ?¡ì?).

When [ia], [ie],[ian] etc. Compound finals forms syllable alone, I should be written y ,so their forms are [ya], [ye], [yan].

[iu] is a special compound final, when it forms syllables alone, is written as [you].

When y express ?¡ì?, different from y express I, should add y before ?¡ì?, meantime erase two dot rather than replace y.


w          
Same as y, w also special sign, can??t form syllable alone. It only expresses u, and appears in some Pin-Yin joinder of standing as a alones. The vowel u can only become one Pin-Yin character in Chinese, when it forms syllable alone should add w before it, becomes [wu]. When [ua],[uai],[uo] etc. Compound vowles form syllable alone, chang u to w, are writted as [wa],[wai],[wo].

ai   
??[ai],[ei],[ui] are all compound finals. In each of them, the former vowel is more open, longer and louder while the latter one is narrow, short, weak and blurred. It is imperative to havea natural glide but not a sudden change from the former to the latter.

ei   
??[ai],[ei],[ui] are all compound finals. In each of them, the former vowel is more open, longer and louder while the latter one is narrow, short, weak and blurred. It is imperative to havea natural glide but not a sudden change from the former to the latter.

ui   
??[ai],[ei],[ui] are all compound finals. In each of them, the former vowel is more open, longer and louder while the latter one is narrow, short, weak and blurred. It is imperative to havea natural glide but not a sudden change from the former to the latter.

ao   
[ao],[ou],[iu] are all compound finals. In each of them, the former vowel is more open, longer and louder while the latter one is narrow, short, weak and blurred. It is imperative to have a natural glide but not a sudden change from the former to the latter.

ou   
[ao],[ou],[iu] are all compound finals. In each of them, the former vowel is more open, longer and louder while the latter one is narrow, short, weak and blurred. It is imperative to have a natural glide but not a sudden change from the former to the latter.

iu   
[ao],[ou],[iu] are all compound finals. In each of them, the former vowel is more open, longer and louder while the latter one is narrow, short, weak and blurred. It is imperative to have a natural glide but not a sudden change from the former to the latter.

ie   
[ie] are compound finals. The first vowel is pronounced by making the mouth opening narrow and the sound soft and short, and then it glides quickly to the second vowel which is formed by opening the mouth widely and is long and loud.


?¡ì?e   
?¡ì?e also is a compound finals. When you pronounced the first vowel the lips are forced into a round position. Then glides quickly to the second vowel.
?¡ì?e??change respectively to ???yue??? in written forms when standing as a syllable alone.


er   
It is a retroflex final. [er] is produced by first half opening the mouth and placing the tongue flat, and then , when ???[e]??? is made, raising the tongue tip close to the hard palate and putting it down a gain immediately. ???er??? forms a syllable alone.

Sometimes, ???er??? is combined with another final in the preceding syllable to form a retroflex ending. The Chinese character for ???er??? is ????¡§???? (?¡ì?r); such as :???¡§???

an   
an is nasal finals. -n is an alveolarnasal consonant or a front nasal consonant. The nasal finals are pronounced by first producing the vowel and then placing the tongue tip against the back of the upper teeth to force the air out through the nose.

en   
en is nasal finals. -n is an alveolarnasal consonant or a front nasal consonant. The nasal finals are pronounced by first producing the vowel and then placing the tongue tip against the back of the upper teeth to force the air out through the nose.

in   
in is front nasal finals.

un   
[un] is nasal finals. When pronounce the first final, you should round your lips, and then it glides quickly to the second vowel The tongue press its back against the soft palate and release the air through the nose.

?¡ì?n   
[?¡ì?n] is nasal finals. When pronounce the first final, you should round your lips, and then it glides quickly to the second vowel The tongue press its back against the soft palate and release the air through the nose.


ia   
[ia] are compound finals. The first vowel is pronounced by making the mouth opening narrow and the sound soft and short, and then it glides quickly to the second vowel which is formed by opening the mouth widely and is long and loud.

[ia]?????????????¡è??????????[ya].
[ia] are written [ya] when it form syllables alone.


ua   
[ua],  are compound finals. The first vowel is pronounced by mading the mouth opening narrow and the sound soft and short, and then it glides quicdly to the second vowel

uo   
[uo] are compound finals. The first vowel is pronounced by mading the mouth opening narrow and the sound soft and short, and then it glides quicdly to the second vowel

ang   
[ang],[eng] and [ong] are also nasal finals. [-ng] is a velar nasal consonant, or a back nasal consonant. These nasal finals are pronounced by drawing back the tongue and pressing its back against the soft palate as soon as the vowel is produced to release the air through the nose.

eng   
[ang],[eng] and [ong] are also nasal finals. [-ng] is a velar nasal consonant, or a back nasal consonant. These nasal finals are pronounced by drawing back the tongue and pressing its back against the soft palate as soon as the vowel is produced to release the air through the nose.


ing   
[ang],[eng] and [ong] are also nasal finals. [-ng] is a velar nasal consonant, or a back nasal consonant. These nasal finals are pronounced by drawing back the tongue and pressing its back against the soft palate as soon as the vowel is produced to release the air through the nose.


ong   
[ang],[eng] and [ong] are also nasal finals. [-ng] is a velar nasal consonant, or a back nasal consonant. These nasal finals are pronounced by drawing back the tongue and pressing its back against the soft palate as soon as the vowel is produced to release the air through the nose.

iang   
[iang] is a back nasal finals. The vowel between the other two is pronounced with the mouth wide open. [ i] is soft and short, and it glides quickly to the vowel following it, and then to the last one, which is short and vague.
The written forms of [iang]become respectively [yang]when it forms a syllable alkone.

uang   
[uang] is nasal finals. The vowel between the other two is pronounced with the mouth wide open. [ u] is soft and short, and it glides quickly to the vowel following it, and then to the last one, which is short and vague.
The written forms of [uang]become respectively [wang] when it forms a syllable alkone.

iong   
[iong] is a back nasal finals. The vowel between the other two is pronounced with the mouth wide open. [ i] is soft and short, and it glides quickly to the vowel following it, and then to the last one, which is short and vague.
The written forms of [iong]become respectively [yong]when it forms a syllable alkone.

[ Last edited by  mazy at 2007-3-15 12:42 ]

?¡ì?an   
[?¡ì?an] is also compound finals. The vowel between the other two is pronounced with the mouth wide open. [ ?¡ì?] is soft and short, and it glides quickly to the vowel following it, and then to the last one, which is short and vague.
[?¡ì?an] change respectively to [yuan] in written forms when standing as a syllable alone.


uan   
[uan] is also compound finals. The vowel between the other two is pronounced with the mouth wide open. [ u] is soft and short, and it glides quickly to the vowel following it, and then to the last one, which is short and vague.

When a final beginning with [ u] stands alone as a syllable, [ u] is written [w]:

The written forms of [uan] become respectively [wan].

mazy, if you can read these PINYIN and make a record, that will be great.

I really want to do that but.......
Could you help me finish it?

video would be better,if so,,I would be your cameraman
focus on your lip-rounding],tongue...

  Thanks very much anyway, jacky

thanks, mazy, so lovely girl~~~~~~~~~

My pleasure.